Health Update (and soup recipe)

I am currently in the middle of a big flare-up of gastroparesis, which started about two months ago. Prior to this flare, I could eat small amounts of most things, and though I often felt nauseous, bloated and uncomfortable, these symptoms were controllable with medication and other techniques. Currently, I'm not able to eat anything solid, and have just spent a week in hospital, where I had some injections of Botox into the lower opening (pylorus) of my stomach. Normally the pylorus holds the stomach closed until the food has been churned and mixed enough for it to be allowed to continue on its journey through the digestive system. The Botox relaxes this muscle, meaning that the food doesn't get stuck in my stomach, but can just drain through by gravity.

I have been advised to stick to a liquid diet, at least for the next few weeks, until we know how effective the Botox has been.

I've lost quite a lot of weight since the start of this most recent flare, so my Gastro team (especially my wonderful dietician) are keeping a close eye on me.  It doesn't help that I was already deficient in iron, vitamin D and vitamin B12 - that means I don't have the luxury of a 'nutrient store' to keep me going while I'm not able to eat much. My dietician is watching over me like a hawk with the intention of starting tube feeding as soon as it becomes medically necessary. What we don't want is for me to get to a dangerously low weight (with associated nutritional and electrolyte deficiencies) before anything is done. Having said that, I don't really want to be tube fed at all, either through a temporary NJ tube (from my nose, through my broken stomach and into my small intestine) or through a more permanent tube (PEG-J or PEJ) that would go into my small intestine directly through the skin on my abdomen.

I'm not saying that I can't see the advantages of tube feeding - of course I can. It would take away the pressure of constantly pushing myself to eat and drink despite symptoms; it would give me a way of getting enough calories and other nutrients relatively easily; would stop the weight loss. But it also means a surgical procedure (for the PEG or PEG-J), a tube going into my body 24/7, having to carry a pump and feed around with me (at least initially, if I need to run the feeds during the day as well as overnight). And, of course, it means another visible reminder of what this illness is doing to my body.

So, for now, I will continue to eat and drink as much as I possibly can, and will see what happens.

While in hospital, I couldn't help noticing that almost everything offered to me was sweet. Fortisip milkshakes come in a range of sweet flavours (mocha, chocolate, strawberry, forest fruits, vanilla), and the vitamin/protein-enriched juices are much the same. When my blood sugar was low, I was offered Lucozade and glucose tablets. I have found myself desperately craving other flavours - bitter, sour, salty.

The obvious answer to this (apart from drinking gherkin juice and licking salt and vinegar crisps) is soup. Now that I'm home, I have access to real ingredients, and I am looking forward to eating a range of delicious and varied soups. Last night I had roast butternut squash, carrot and coriander soup. Today is hot and sunny, and just screams 'Gazpacho'! I'm not going to argue with that. I love gazpacho anyway, but the thought of it now, after a week of simple, repetetive flavours makes me want to dance with excitement.

People have been kind enough to share their favourite soup recipes with me via Twitter and email, so I'm building up quite a list. From initially feeling a little bit overwhelmed at the thought of eating nothing but soup, I'm now starting to see the possibilities. From silky-smooth leek and potato to the sharp, cold gazpacho, elegant French onion soup, with its dark, caramel undertones and spicy Thai soups, rich with coconut milk and chilli. This doesn't have to be a limited diet!

The recipe that I'm using for my gazpacho is from Sarah Raven's Garden Cookbook. It serves 6-8 people at normal size portions. Obviously, I will be freezing most of mine!

Ingredients:
3-4 thick slices of slightly stale white bread, crusts removed
2 cloves of garlic
Generous drizzle of olive oil
1 1/2 tbsp red wine vinegar
675 g tomatoes
2 sweet red peppers (from a jar, or roasted and skinned)
1 large mild onion
1 small cucumber
425 ml tomato juice
Salt and black pepper
A few fresh chives

Method:
Tear the bread into small pieces and put them into a large bowl.

Crush the garlic and add it to the bread. Add just enough oil for the bread to absorb, and then stir in the vinegar. Skin, deseed and chop the tomatoes.

Chop the peppers and roughly chop or grate the onion. Deseed and chop the cucumber. Add these to the bowl and mix well. Add the tomato juice and season with salt and pepper.

Blitz the whole thing with a stick blender, or put the mixture into a food processor and process until smooth.

Check the seasoning and add iced water to get the consistency you want. Chill and serve very cold, with a few fresh chives chopped over the top to garnish. 

Acute and Chronic

After writing the last entry (about action plans - here if you missed it), I continued to think about what happens when chronic illnesses flare up enough for me to need help. How to identify the acute exacerbations of my chronic conditions and separate them out from the normal fluctuations of the conditions.

Actually, with asthma, it's relatively easy because there's something to measure. I can stagger into my local A&E and tell them (in between gasps) that my peak flow is 100, and everyone will agree that I need to be in hospital.

With other conditions, though, trying to determine when I need emergency help can be like trying to pin a tail on a moving target. For the record, I definitely do not try to pin anything onto my cat, when she is moving, or otherwise.

Soon after my most recent gastroparesis flare started, almost six weeks ago, my GP recommended that I needed to go to hospital for IV fluids and IV antiemetics (anti-sickness medication) because I had only been managing to keep down about 200 ml per day, was feeling dizzy, and was vomiting. About a week later, we had the same again - I was still vomiting, still struggling to keep fluids down, still feeling dizzy, and was only passing water about once in every 24 hour period.

Almost six weeks on, little has changed. I spent all day yesterday lying absolutely flat in bed because I was so dizzy and nauseous, only getting out of bed to vomit. Today is much the same, though I'm horizontal on the sofa for a bit of variety.

My gut feeling is that I need to go to A&E for a top-up of IV fluids and some antiemetics, but there's no objective measure to which I can point to say why today; why now.

I feel constant, severe nausea, but I felt that yesterday and the day before. I have been nauseous, to some degree, for several years. Why is today different?

I have struggled to take in more than a few hundred calories (most of which I vomit back up) and feel very dehydrated. But I've averaged 500 kcals per day for almost six weeks now. What's so special about today?

My blood pressure is low and my heart rate is high, making me weak, shaky and dizzy - that delicious combination of autonomic dysfunction and dehydration. But I was dehydrated yesterday. There is no measure of dehydration that can tell me why today is the day that I think I need help.

I could wait until tomorrow, but even tomorrow there will still be no standard; no bar below which I might fall, telling me that I must go to hospital. My symptoms tomorrow will probably be the same as my symptoms today, and my uncertainties will be the same.

I picture myself on arrival at the hospital:

Nurse: And how long have you been feeling like this?
Me: About six weeks
Nurse: And why have you come to us today?

That's the question I can't answer. Yes, things are bad; they're worse than yesterday and the day before, but could I continue at home? Yes, I probably could. Would I feel better after some fluids and medication? Yes, but I managed without them yesterday and the day before. It's like playing a giant game of chicken with my health.

I wish that there could be a measurement that would indicate exactly what my body needs. Like a petrol gauge on a car. I feel as though I'm currently running on vapour, but I have no way to check. At a better, calmer time, I need to discuss with my GP and dietician and come up with an action plan, similar to the one that I have for asthma, so that I know, without doubt, when I am safe to continue to cope at home, and when I need help from the professionals. Oh, and we need to come up with a better long-term management plan so that my gastroparesis is better controlled and I don't keep returning to this situation of 'firefighting' the acute problems.

Presently, in the absence of better measurements, I turn to social factors. Do I have important hospital appointments that I need to attend? Do we have plans to see friends or family? Is there anything really important that I need to do in the next 24-48 hours? Can I get to the hospital? Is it raining? Would it be easier to wait until tomorrow?

Applying this to today, I'm supposed to be celebrating my birthday tonight (with Richard) and tomorrow (with my family). As unwell as I am feeling now, I would rather be in an uncomfortable bed in hospital receiving IV fluids and IV antiemetics, surrounded by noisy, drunk and disruptive patients than struggling to stay upright and awake, and not vomit while 'celebrating' with friends and family. That a hospital visit sounds more appealing than birthday cake is enough to tell me that it's probably time for that trip to the hospital.

Taxi!

Setting Realistic Goals

Before you start, if you haven't read Flo's response to my post on Pacing (over at disabledmedic.blogspot.com) do it now - it's great!

Now, back to the point...

One of the things that I've been learning recently is how to set goals for myself.

This is how it used to go:
Jo: I don't do enough exercise. I'm going to go and spend an hour working out at the gym.
Jo goes to the gym, gets dizzy after 5 minutes, goes home and spends the rest of the day in pain and dizzy, trying to sleep.

This, clearly, was not a good way to go about achieving my goal.

It's very easy, when living with a chronic illness, to get discouraged because there are so many things that we can't do. I find myself obsessing about each deterioration and each perceived failure, while overlooking achievements as being too minor to 'count' for anything.

With this in mind, it's even more important to set good goals - realistic goals that lead to success. We might not succeed every time, but the more we do, the more positive we feel about our ability to achieve things.

I use the SMART system when I set goals for myself. This is an acronym that stands for:
- Specific
- Measurable
- Achievable
- Realistic
- Timely

It's important that goals should be specific and measurable - how else can you know if you've succeeded? It's not enough to say "I want to lose weight" - you need to set a measurable figure on your weight loss. This has to be a realistic number. If you're on high-dose steroids, for example, which have weight gain and increased appetite as a common side-effect, you may need to allow yourself more time to achieve your goal, or to set a smaller initial target.

Give yourself a time limit so that you know when to stop and check how much progress you've made. You may need to have more than one target - a long-term target and a short-term target. Aiming to lose 2 lb (1 kg) in a month sounds more manageable than aiming to lose 22 lb (10 kg).

Once I've set my goal, I think about the changes that I need to make in order to achieve my goal. Sticking with the example of losing weight, I might decide to drink water instead of fruit juice, and to eat fresh fruit instead of chocolate. I try not to make changes that I know will make me miserable. If you need chocolate or a glass of wine to get through the week, cutting those out will make you miserable and less likely to succeed. Don't forget to be realistic and honest with yourself. Cutting out chocolate or alcohol on one day a week is a good start!

There might be more than one way to get to your goal, e.g. doing more exercise and eating fewer calories are both ways to lose weight. People get very hung up on exercise (those who genuinely love going to the gym are the exception in my experience), but you don't have to spend an hour on the treadmill. Getting off the bus a couple of stops earlier, taking the stairs instead of the lift, or signing up to a dance class are all ways of fitting more exercise into your everyday routine. A pedometer is a good way of keeping track of how much walking you're doing.

Having set your goal and decided on the changes that you're going to make, decide on a reward for yourself once you've achieved this goal. This could be a small reward (e.g. a magazine, book, flowers or a bubble bath) for short-term achievements and a big reward (e.g. a massage, a new haircut, a new bottle of scent) for bigger achievements.

If you don't achieve your goal in the time you allowed yourself, don't beat yourself up about it. Consider why you didn't succeed and modify your next goal to be more realistic. You may need to make different changes.

Above all, be proud of yourself. Celebrate every success, no matter how small.

As L'Oreal would say, "You're worth it".